The necessary basis of truth is always repeated test with observation.

Everything is to be viewed probabilistic in the end, not absolute.

If you think probabilistically well, based on repeated observations, patterns in behavior, conclusions, you can figure out that x is most likely the case.

If something is the observed result of an event x times, the probability becomes high that the events x+1’th result will be the same.

Based on that you have valid probabilistic reasoning ground.

Because fast change takes energy. Things change very slow without effort.

An attribute keeps is value similar by default if there isn’t something else messing with it at that time.
If in a system all attributes are kept similar, the same input will lead to a similar output.

That results from system theory.

The basis of the reliability of observation is the stability of the universe.

The x+1 tests can answer with same result by a probability.
You can just watch that happening and see it.
Its inherently logical.

You can combine what follows from multiple such probabilistic facts with a probability, and eventually form a probabilistic framework with probabilistic knowledge.

It’s how science works.

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